Edgard Degas went at the Faculty of Law of the University of Paris, in 1853, but applied
little effort to his studies. In 1855 (age 21), Degas met Dominique Ingres, whom he revered, and
whose advice he never forgot: "Draw
lines, young man, and still more lines, both from life and from memory, and you
will become a good artist."
Degas was often criticized for sloppy brushwork and lack
of finish. Thank god he did what he did!
“Before the Performance” by Edgard Degas
(1834-1917)
Oil on paper laid on canvas > 48mm x
62mm
Location: Scottish National Gallery - tekst
Wikipedia
Self-portrait 1863 oil on cardbord, private collection
(photo WikiArt)
By the end of 1913, the Italian futurist Umberto
Boccioni (1882-1916) had completed what is considered his masterpiece, “Unique Forms of Continuity in Space”,
in wax. His goal for the work was to depict a "synthetic continuity"
of motion. During his life, the work only existed as a plaster cast (photo
1913, private collection - Milan). It
was first cast in bronze in 1931.
The writing of
his Manifesto of Futurist Sculpture, published in April 1914, was
Boccioni's intellectual and physical launch into sculpture, as there are no
known works before this period. This sculpture has been the subject of
extensive commentary, and in 1998 it was selected as the image to be engraved
on the back of the Italian 20-cent Euro coin.
Beside paintings and drawings, Frank Brangwyn made stained
glass, furniture, ceramics, carpets, glassware, jewelery, buildings and
interiors. It is estimated he made over 12.000 artworks. “The work involved?” he
said in an interview, “You have no idea!”
"Anyone who looks into thehiddeninner treasuresof his ownart,isan enviablecontributor tothe spiritualpyramidwhichwill reach unto heaven."
Quote from the publication ‘The Abstract in Art’ in 1912.
Kandinskyis seen asone of the fathersof modern paintingandthe founderof
abstract paintinginthe 20th
century.
Photo: “Improvisation 26” - Oil on canvas, 1912 - 97 x
107cm Location: Munchen, Städtische Galerie in Lenbachhaus
Henry Moore was born in 1898 as a son of a coal miner in Castleford,
West
Yorkshire, England. He was the seventh of eight children in a family
that often struggled with poverty. Despite his early promise, Moore's parents
had been against him training as a sculptor, a vocation they considered manual
labour with few career prospects.
The 'Festival Reclining Figure' (length 228.5 cm) is located at the Scottish National Gallery of Modern Art
One, Edinburgh
This sculpture was commissioned by the Arts Council of Great Britain for the Festival of Britain exhibition (photo) in 1951. Moore was asked to make a carving of a family group symbolising 'Discovery', but he chose instead to make a large reclining figure in bronze. Moore explained his liking for reclining figures in typically rational terms, observing that large standing figures have a weak point at the ankles. > Tekst: National Galleries Scotland
Fallingwater, a cubist villa located
near Mill Run in Fayette CountyPennsylvania, is
designed by the American architect Frank Lloyd Wright in 1939 for the Kaufmann
family as a weekend getaway house.
‘The Virgin Adoring the Sleeping Christ Child’ by Botticelli (IT 1445-1510)
Sandro Botticelli's
composition, inspired by the work of Filippo Lippi, is unusual in two respects:
canvas paintings were still uncommon at this time and the Christ Child was
rarely shown asleep. This variation could be interpreted as a reminder of
Christ's death. His future suffering for Mankind may also be symbolised by the
detailed plants and fruits. The red strawberries, for example, may refer to
Christ's blood. They also complement the beautiful (*Damascus?)rose bower which
forms an 'enclosed garden', a symbol of the Virgin derived from the Old
Testament Song of Solomon. The painting was probably designed for a domestic
setting.> Tekst: National Galleries
Scotland
*For centuries,
the Damascus rose (Rosa damascena) has been considered a symbol of
beauty and love. The fragrance of the rose has been captured and preserved in
the form of rose water by a method that can be traced back to ancient times in the Middle East,
and later to the Indian subcontinent. A Persian scientist, Avicenna, is credited with the invention of the
process for extracting rose water from rose petals in the early 11th century. It
takes about 60,000 roses (about 180 lb) to make one ounce ( 29.57 ml) of rose
otto - or to put in a different way 40,000 kilograms to make 1 liter of rose
otto.